不同保存方法对角倍蚜性蚜数量和存活率的影响

比较了不同类型虫袋和填充物对角倍春迁蚜产性蚜数量和存活率的影响,结果表明:采用柱状虫袋填充玉米苞皮及对玉米苞皮进行浸泡处理可以提高性蚜的数量和雌蚜/干母的存活数;与传统的三角纸袋填充棕丝相比较,柱状虫袋填充浸泡玉米苞皮的雌蚜数、雌蚜/干母存活数、雄蚜数和性蚜总数分别增加了107.6%、229.1%、71.1%和87.5%,雌蚜/干母存活率提高了21.1%。虫袋内的雌蚜数、雄蚜数和性蚜总数与春迁蚜数呈显著负相关;雌蚜数和雌蚜/干母存活数与雄蚜数、性蚜总数和雌雄性比分别呈极显著正相关。角倍产区的环境因子明显影响春迁蚜的羽化期,但对春迁蚜产性蚜的数量没有明显影响。     

基于机器视觉的树木图像实时采集与识别系统

研究了树木图像的实时采集与识别技术 ,以及树木图像处理及分析软件系统的开发 ,并自行设计制作了室内模拟实验系统。树木图像处理技术包括图像的获取、图像的增强、图像边缘检测、图像分割和图像的特征提取与识别。本文的研究能够为分离施药目标与非施药目标提供依据 ,有助于精确农药喷雾的实现。     

Fossil history and modern distribution of the genus Abies (Pinaceae)

The plants of the genus Abies are dominant and key species in the dark coniferous forest in the Northern Hemisphere. There are 52 species, one subspecies and 12 varieties in the genus Abies in the world. The history and modern distribution of Abies were discussed. The genus has three modern distribution centers: South Europe, North America and East Asia. These areas are also rich in fossil records. The vertical distribution regions of Abies are from sea level to an elevation of 4,700 m, concentrated in 1,000–2,000 m (15 species). In China, the genus distributes in 20 provinces, especially abundant in the Hengduan Mountains. Meanwhile, endemic and relic phenomena are obvious in this genus. There are seven relic species with both limited individuals and limited distributed regions. Based on the fossil records and the latest phylogenetic data, the following hypothesis was proposed: Abies originated from the middle and high altitudes of the Northern Hemisphere in the middle Cretaceous and it was dispersed southward in the Eocene due to global climate cooling down. The distribution of Abies was deeply influenced by geological events such as the uplift of Himalaya, the Alps, the Rocky Mountains, the occurrence of the Asian Monsoon as well as the Quaternary glaciers. Finally, the current distribution pattern appeared in the Quaternary. The genus Abies has a fossil history and modern distribution pattern similar to that of Cathaya and Pseudolarix. __________ Translated from Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 2006, 28(5): 439–452 [译自: 云南植物研究]     

以酶解渣为碳源制备木聚糖酶的研究

以里氏木霉（Tichoderma reesei)Rut C-30为产酶菌，低聚木糖制备过程中酶解渣为碳源可透导产生含低纤维素酶活（0.106IU/mL)的木聚糖酶（154.67IU/mL)，两种酶活的比值达1459，与粗木聚糖为碳源产木聚糖酶相比，木聚糖酶活提高了1.67倍，而纤维素酶活没有增加。此酶在50℃条件下酶解粗木聚糖和酶解渣时，pH值5时酶解效率最高，酶解产物通过HPLC分析，主要是木糖。该酶系的组成主要是外切-β-木糖苷酶。     

金花菜新品种‘淮扬金花菜’

‘淮扬金花菜'是通过对江苏扬州、镇江等地种质资源调查并搜集整理,经多年筛选出的新品种,具有蛋白质含量高、品质好、产量高、再生性好、抗逆性强,综合性状优良的特点。粗蛋白含量29.41%,粗灰分含量7.94%,中性洗涤纤维含量21.71%,酸性洗涤纤维含量10.29%,适宜多次刈割,鲜草产量30 000 kg·hm~(-2)以上,适宜在长江中下游地区保护地或露地秋季种植。     

Deposition patterns in bulk precipitation and throughfall in a subtropical mixed forest in central-south China

The chemistry and deposition pattern in bulk precipitation andthroughfall (TF) were examined and evaluated based on the 3-yearobservations in Shaoshan subtropical deciduous-conifer mixedforest in central-south China. The TF chemistry was notablychanged when passing through canopies, which probably was attributedto the dry deposition (DD) on leaf surface and the canopy exchanges.Base cations' (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and K⁺) fluxes were significantlyenriched in TF, in particular for K⁺. The annual K⁺ canopy exchangewas 12 times larger than DD, and canopy exchange of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺and K⁺ was four times as high as the DD. The canopy exchangeof base cations in association with weak acid accounted for28.4 per cent of total leached base cations, which was one ofthe important factors to modify the TF chemistry.     

桌面色彩及纹理对阅读的影响

本文通过阅读勾销实验 ,研究了不同色彩、不同纹理的桌面对阅读者的阅读效率、疲劳程度等方面的影响 ,并对实验结论进行了分析与评价     

中国大青杨基因资源研究

收集我国东北林区特有乡土树种大青杨天然基因资源400多份。在黑龙江省伊春带岭建立了我国第一个大青杨基因库，利用常规手段对其生长，物候，抗锈病和木材材性等性状进行了遗传分析，利用高新技术方法从DNA分子水平上探测了大青杨天然群体的遗传结构和分化程度，经综合评价选出5个优良群体，44个优良单株，为该地区营建大青杨人工林奠定了一定基础，为杨树抗性育种等提供了育种材料和信息，认为选择优良个体是近期大青杨改良的一条重要途径。     

樟树幼树光合特性及其对CO2浓度和温度升高的响应

用Li COR 6 4 0 0便携式光合作用测定系统对亚热带常绿阔叶树种樟树幼树的光合特性及其对CO2 升高的响应进行了研究。结果表明 :樟树叶片光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线 ,最高峰出现在 10 :0 0 ,次高峰出现在 14 :0 0 ,午间有明显的“午休”现象 ,气孔因素是导致午休的主要原因。中午光照强度大 ,叶片与空气之间的水汽压差达到最大值 ,相对湿度、气孔导度、胞间CO2 浓度达到最小值 ,诱导叶片光合午休。正常大气条件下 ,樟树叶片光饱和点为 12 5 0 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 ,光补偿点 4 0 6 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 ,在 10 0 0 μmol·m- 2 s- 1 光强下CO2 饱和点为 12 0 0 μmol·mol- 1 ,CO2 补偿点为 5 0 μmol·mol- 1 。水分利用效率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率在不同的CO2 浓度梯度下 ,随着光强的增加而增加。在 2 4～ 35℃时 ,随着光合有效辐射的增加 ,温度升高导致樟树光合速率降低。     

汽相法马尾松脱脂技术研究

松树是中国主要的人工林树种,其蓄积量最大,分布地域最广。但由于富含树脂,其用途受到很大限制,因此松木脱脂成为扩大其利用价值的重要手段。基于传统的脱脂方法不甚理想的状况,阐述了1种新的脱脂工艺方法,此方法不仅保证脱脂率,而且大大降低了加工成本。